All three rock types - igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic - make up a portion of the rock cycle. Igneous rocks are rocks that formed directly from magma and can form either in the earth or on. Igneous rocks are also called volcanic rocks and formed due to the cooling of melting magma. These are very strong rocks and examples include Granite, diorite, gabro, peridotite, obsidian, basalt, pumic, andisite, biodite. Sedimentary Rocks are fo.

Components of the Earth’s crustconsists of three layers, The outer layer is called the Earth’s crust. Scientists classified the Earth’s crust into two main parts which are and solid basis.

Is a thin non-compacted layer, which covers the Earth’s crust. It is a superficial (upper) layer of the Earth’s crust. My time at portia cheats. It is a thin, fragmented and loosened layer. It consists of a mixture of mineralogical substances, water, air, decayed organic materials &.Rock is a natural solid material, that exists in the Earth’s crust and it is formed of one mineral or a group of minerals. It is a lower layer of the Earth’s crust beneath the soil. And it consists of different types of rocks. Components of the Earth’s crust Classification of rocksRocks are classified according to their way of formation into three groups, which are Igneous rocks, Sedimentary rocks, and Metamorphic rocks.

The igneous rocksThe outer core of the contains molten metals, which are known as magma. Magma is a very hot thick (viscous) liquid underneath the Earth’s crust.

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When a occurs, the magma at the bottom of the Earth’s crust is pushing upwards. A part that fills some gaps and cracks of the Earth’s crust and the other part is extruded from the crater of the to the surface of in the form of volcanic flows, which is known as lava.Lava is the magma when it reaches the Earth’s surface or it is the volcanic flows that spread on the volcanic sides. When magma and lava cool and solidify, they form the igneous rocks.

Igneous rocks are rocks formed by solidification of the magma underneath the Earth’s crust or lava on the Earth’s surface. Types of igneous rocksIgneous rocks can be divided according to the site (place) of their formation in proportion to the Earth’s surface into two main divisions, which are: plutonic rocks and surface or volcanic rocks.Plutonic rocksThe magma at the depths of the Earth’s crust gets cool slowly, therefore the minerals that form these rocks take a long time to crystallize, so their crystals are large-sized.

Plutonic rocks have coarse texture because the size of crystals of minerals forming them is large. They are formed in the depth of the Earth’s crust, where the minerals accumulate forming huge masses of rocks covering wide areas.

Surface or volcanic rocksThe lava cools quickly on the surface of the Earth’s crust, therefore the minerals that form these rocks take a short time to crystalline, so their crystals are small-sized. Surface or volcanic rocks have smooth texture because the size of crystals of minerals forming them is small.Volcanic rocks are formed over the Earth’s surface, where the minerals accumulate forming a flow of lava around the sides of the.

Volcanic rocks contain small circular holes due to the extruding of gases from during their cooling and formation of rock. Examples of igneous rocksGranite is a plutonic igneous rock, It is pink or grey. The crystals of minerals forming it are big (can be seen by the naked eye). Granite is heavy. It has a rough texture. It is solid, cohesive and it isn’t easily broken. It is found in the Eastern Desert and the Sinai Peninsula.

It consists of 3 main minerals, which are Quartz, Feldspar, Mica (Dark mica and Light mica). Basalt is a volcanic igneous rock, It is dark-colored, The crystals of minerals forming it are small (can’t be seen by the naked eye). Basalt has small circular holes. It has a smooth texture. It is extremely hard. It is found in Egypt in Abou-Zaabal, El-Fayoum and Near Abou Rawash.

It consists of 3 main minerals, which are Olivine, Feldspar, and Pyroxene. The sedimentary rocksThey represent about 5% only of the total volume of the Earth’s crust rocks. They form a thin cover, that wraps about 75% of the surface of the Earth’s solid mass. Formation of sedimentary rocksSedimentation rocks are rocks formed from the cohesion of sediments.

They are rocks formed from fragmentation and sedimentation of old rocks.

. Grain Size: Coarse grains are visible to the naked eye, and the without using a magnifier. Fine grains are smaller and usually cannot be identified without using a. Hardness: This is measured with the and refers to the minerals contained within a rock. In simple terms, hard rock scratches glass and steel, usually signifying the minerals quartz or feldspar, which has a Mohs hardness of 6 or higher. Soft rock does not scratch steel but will scratch fingernails (Mohs scale of 3 to 5.5), while very soft rock won't even scratch fingernails (Mohs scale of 1 to 2).